Showing posts with label special education. Show all posts
Showing posts with label special education. Show all posts

Thursday, August 8, 2013

Education Triage

I've started my fourth year teaching at the hospital (14th year of teaching) and after a month of summer I feel refreshed and ready to take on the challenges that come with teaching in the hospital.

Teaching in a children's psychiatric assessment unit has forever changed my perspective on what matters most.

For the last three years, I have worked with children who are in some kind of crisis. None of these children come to the hospital to get caught up on their homework. If homework was their priority, they could stay at home, complete their homework and go to school -- but because these children are experiencing such difficulties, their regularly scheduled homework and curriculum can not meet their needs.

When people ask me about my job, I tell them that I do educational triage. My job is to figure out what a child's immediate needs are and help them to start meeting those needs. Children might stay for 72 hours or as long as 5 weeks. Often their stay is somewhere in between. 

When a child enters my classroom in the hospital, I explain that no one comes to the hospital to get caught up on their homework, and I ask them to write down some of the reasons why they are in the hospital. Essentially, I ask them to write a list of things that are causing them problems in their life that they would like to make better. I explain that some children write down things like anger, depression, suicide, cutting, sadness, eating disorders, relationship problems, trust issues, violent mood swings, lack of sleep, anxiety, stress, poor concentration, poor communication, self-harm, abuse, neglect... It's important to note that while there are a wide range of reasons for why children come to the hospital, every single one of them has a low self-esteem. Almost every single child I have worked with in the last three years thinks very little of themselves.

After I read their responses, I provide them with resources to read, write, view, represent, play, think and talk about. In a very real sense, I am tailoring a personal curriculum for each and every child based on their personal needs. Without at least some input from the child, I would have a very difficult time providing them with something relevant to their lives. I know this because I've tried to give kids resources and learning opportunities without asking them about their lives and their needs and it did not go well.

Every day is different from the last. Children come and go quickly, so I have to be prepared to listen to their needs and have a timely and informative plan. 

First, I provide every student with a journal. I buy a variety of journals from discount or dollar stores and tell the children that it is their own private journal and that no one will read it unless they invite someone to do so. Their journal is a place where they can curate all of their thoughts and feelings that arise from all of the things they learn.

It's important to note that I subscribe to Dr. Ross Greene's approach, so I believe that children will be successful if they can. Doing well is always more desirable than not doing well, so when a child is not doing well, it is likely because their environment is demanding skills that they are lagging. I use the Assessment for Lagging Skills and Unsolved Problems to frame my conversations with students, parents, and colleagues.

I continue to collect and curate a number of engaging activities that address some of the problems that are plaguing children. Here are some examples of the resources I provide students depending on their needs:

Eating Disorders. For children who have an eating disorder, I provide them with a copy of Life Without Ed by Jenni Schaefer. It is a reader friendly book that is accessible and appropriate for even reluctant or struggling readers. Schaefer encourages people to identify their eating disorder as a separate identity by naming it Ed or Edie; her book is made up of bite size (pun intended) chapters that detail how eating disorders are about constant self-criticism, loss of self-esteem, and unrelenting perfectionism. I also provide students with Shaefer's second book Goodby Ed, Hello me. We also do projects like this that focus on the effects media and technology have on self image, self-esteem and self-worth.

Depression. For children who are profoundly sad and/or depressed, I focus on having them learn about how they can alter their lifestyle in order to move their mood. I provide them with a copy of Brain Rules by John Medina. Some of the most popular chapters include exercise, sleep and stress. I also provide them with a copy of John Ratey's book Spark where we read chapter 4 on anxiety and chapter 5 on depression where Ratey shows that exercise is as effective as certain medications for treating anxiety and depression. I also use the video Twenty Three and Half Hours by Dr. Mike Evans. We also discuss I had a black dog, it's name is depression.

Anger. For children who have difficulty with their anger, I provide them with a little book called 30-Minute Therapy for Anger. Anger is an emotion that is managed not cured, because it is entirely appropriate for us to become outraged by the outrageous. The difference between successful people and unsuccessful people is not that one gets angry and the other doesn't. We all get angry. Successful people manage their anger adaptively and productively, while unsuccessful people have difficulty managing emotional response to frustration so as to think rationally.

IsolationWhen things are at their worst, do you turn to people or things? When we turn to things to solve our problems, we look really bad, so we isolate ourselves because we don't want others to see us doing things that make us look bad. Meanwhile, we become consumed with shame and guilt. Isolation begets isolation and over time we develop an acute fear of being judged which keeps us from turning to people, so we isolate more and continue to turn to things.  I often provide children with a copy of Brene Brown's book The Gifts of Imperfection where we learn that the best things in life are not things; because things can only ever take from us, they can't give us what we need. What we really need is a connection with people through healthy relationships. Things are impostors for connection, and when we substitute people for things, we are corrupting our connections and sabotaging ourselves. Children who isolate often have difficulty considering a range of solutions to a problem, starting conversations, entering groups, connecting with people, and attending to or accurately interpreting social cues and nuances.

Hate school. For too many children, school is a place they go to be told they are not good at anything. For too many children, school is a daily exercise in being forced to passively sit through out-of-context and purposeless lectures, worksheets and quizzes that hold no relevance to their life. For these kids, I ask them about what greases their gears, blows their hair back and floats their boat. By far the most disheartening answer I can hear from a child is "nothing". We are all born with a love for learning, and when I meet a child who has lost that loving feeling, I know that something very bad has happened to them. Too many children experience school as a place where they are told they are stupid. For these kids, I try and rekindle their love for learning by empowering them to rethink school.

Adults tend to cause the most trouble for children when we assume they already have the necessary emotional, behavioural and intellectual skills to navigate successfully through their day. Trying to understand a child who has an eating disorder or who is profoundly depressed might be impossible for someone who has never experienced an eating disorder or depression. But that might be okay, because when children are experiencing these difficulties sometimes what they need most is for us to just believe that what they are experiencing is their reality. I'll put it another way -- these children are not giving the adults in their life a hard time; they are having a hard time.

The gross majority of the children I see in the hospital have nothing wrong with their DNA. They are not retarded or psychotic. These children suffer from something much worse and that is abuse and neglect.

The difference between the children I spend my day with and you and me is not that these kids are experiencing a challenging childhood. Everyone has to some extent a challenging childhood.

The difference between the children I spend my day with and you and me is not that we were resilient in the face of frustration and refused to quit when quitting would have been easier than persisting. These children are remarkably persistant and resilient.

So what's the difference?

If I asked you to make a list of people who went out of their way to support you and help you and accept and love you unconditionally, I bet you could name names. The difference is that too many of the children I work either mistakenly place inappropriate candidates on their list or they have no list at all.

If real estate is about location, location, location -- then education is about relationships, relationships, relationships.

Wednesday, August 15, 2012

Thank God for standardized test scores

Because of the Fraser Report and standardized testing, I now know the name of the worst school in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, and third worst school in the entire province.

The name of that school is Braemar.

So what's wrong with Braemar?

They have low standardized test scores.

Things are so bad at Braemar that The Fraser Report gave them a ZERO out of 10 in comparison to other Edmonton schools and ranked them 273 out of 276 in Alberta.

Oh by the way, 100% of the students who attend Braemar are special needs and are either a pregnant or parenting teen ranging from 13 to 19 years of age. That's right Braemar School, which is championed by Edmonton Public Schools, is charged with the sole purpose of providing an education in a supportive environment exclusively for pregnant and parenting teens.

However, don't let students like Kayley Foerster who was so determined to get her diploma that she wrote it while in labour with her son Peighton distract you from what's really important here -- Braemar has low standardized test scores.

It is critically important to not let the messy and human context of Braemar's students get in the way of accountability. As an Albertan and a tax payer we all have the right to know about Braemer's poor performance for two reasons. One, it helps parents choose; two, it helps schools improve.

Thanks to the Fraser Report and standardized test scores, Albertans are equipped with the information they need to make damn sure that if their teenage daughters get pregnant, they will not attend Braemar; and all those pregnant or parenting teens that feel so frightened and alone will know not to bother enlisting Braemar's help in getting extra support in the form of day care, financial advice and assistance, medical expertise and help with career choices and post-secondary admittance.

And now that the teaching staff at Braemar are aware that the rest of Alberta knows of their low scores and abysmal rank, they can redouble their efforts to improve their pregnant and parenting students' test scores by working with schools who have higher standardized test scores and rank. The bad news is that 6 out of the Fraser Reports top 10 schools have reported 0% or not applicable for their special needs population, and only 1 school has more than 10%.

But there is good news, like Braemer School, Rundle Academy is only one of two other schools that also report that 100% of their students are special needs. As an Albertan and a tax payer, I demand to know when the Braemer staff plan on visiting Rundle Academy or when staff from Rundle Academy will visit Braemer so that I know that they are collaborating in an effort to make Braemer better. After all, this is one of the very reasons we have The Fraser Report and standardized tests -- so public schools like Braemer and private schools like Rundle work together.

Rundle Academy is a private school that provides specialized education for students with diagnosed learning disabilities, and like Braemar, Rundle Academy also has a selection process. While Braemar's admissions policy only accepts pregnant and parenting teens, Rundle Academy also has an application procedure that includes submitting:
  • Completed application form
  • Copy of the student's birth certificate
  • Recent photograph of the student
  • Last two years of student's final report card where applicable
  • Most recent Provincial Achievement test results where applicable
  • $100 non-refundable application fee
  • Copy of the student's psych-educational evaluation, if applicable
  • SSAT results or the date on which your child will write the exam
Oh by the way, grade 11 and 12 offered at Rundle are limited to university prep courses; but the good news is that further assessment is usually waived if the students' academic records indicate that they have the necessary potential and academic background to be successful. After all, Rundle Academy takes pride in only accepting those students who are a good fit for their school.

Oh and one more thing, tuition for junior and senior high students at Rundle Academy ranges from $11,500 to $13,400 per year. Braemar, on the other hand, is a public school so there's no tuition.

Thank God for the Fraser Report and standardized test scores because without them, schools like Braemer and Rundle Academy would never work together to make Alberta schools a better place for kids...

Let's pause for a second. Does any of this bother you? Because it's starting to bother me...

Does anyone think for one-second that the context of the students' needs or the educators' teaching assignments at Braemar have much to do with the kinds of services offered or not offered at Rundle Academy?

Can you see how two schools with 100% special needs might have the responsibility of educating two very different groups of students? How does it help the citizens and tax payers of Alberta to compare a private school that has an admission's policy that determines if students are a good fit if they have academic records and background that indicate potential success and charge a tuition fee over $10,000 with a public school that educates pregnant and parenting teens for free?

And even if Braemar did have something in common with Rundle Academy, does anyone believe a private school in Calgary would utilize their time, effort and resources to help a public school in Edmonton?

I have absolutely no idea how this misuse of data could be sold as a public service.

People who need standardized test scores like to say that they offer accountability to the public. But this is asinine. Accountability is really about transparency, but there is absolutely NOTHING transparent about ranking and rating schools by their standardized test scores. Reducing the magnificently messy stuff that schools do everyday to a test score or grade conceals far more than it ever reveals and therefore is not transparent or accountable -- it's merely convenient.

If all you know about a school or student is their standardized test scores, then you don't know very much. Let me be crystal clear, I've never been to Braemar School or Rundle Academy, but I bet the teachers there are both working very hard to do right by their students and provide them with the best education they can. I won't presume to pass judgment on either Braemar or Rundle. And that is exactly what is so wrong about standardized test scores and The Fraser Report -- with them, people who have never stepped foot in either school can claim to know enough about them to rate and rank them. This is irresponsible and flat out unacceptable.

As tragic as it is that Braemar School has been so wrongly judged for its low standardized test scores, remember that every school suffers from this primitive form of information and misuse of data. Governments that hand over standardized test scores to third party organizations so that they can pit schools against one another by ranking and rating them is the equivalent of handing someone who is drunk the keys to their car, and the school board associations that support the government's release of this data are accomplices to all this misuse. Just as institutions that sell their standardized test score snake oil as a public service should be held accountable for deceiving the public so too should the governments that provide the data and the school board associations that support it.

Michael Thomas, a co-author of The Fraser Report's Report Card says that "no one has ever shown me how it's damaging a school." I've gone through their report card and I noticed that you can contribute to the development of the Report Card by contacting Michael Thomas at 416.363.6575 with your suggestions, comments and criticisms. 

After hearing about how Braemar has been treated by the Fraser Report, I am going to call Michael right now and tell him why I think their misuse of standardized test scores is damaging to schools. Will you?

* A few edits were made to clarify confusion between Rundle College and Rundle Academy.

Sunday, September 4, 2011

Rethinking my school's purpose

I'm starting a new school year here at the Red Deer Regional Hospital.

The program I teach in utilizes an interdisciplinary team to provide comprehensive diagnostic evaluation to children under the age of 18 who present with a wide range of complex psychiatric symptoms. Unit 39 at the Red Deer Regional Hospital Centre is an 8-bed facility with 2 beds for crisis stabilization and 6 beds for elective admissions. Staff work together closely to provide a structured, therapeutic environment that incorporates developmentally appropriate assessment approaches and activities.

The purpose of the school portion of this program has typically acted as an extension of the children's regular classroom. Students are required to bring a collection of work from their regular teacher and spend the school day completing this work.

Can you imagine the kind of school work a teacher might send for a student that is in the hospital for 3-4 weeks?

I'll be brutally honest, the kind of work the kids show up with tends to be worksheet, busy work. Not all the time, but this is the case a lot of the time. I'll be honest again, if this busy work is actually the kind of learning these kids would experience had they not been admitted to the hospital, then they aren't missing much.

Asking me to replicate each child's regular classroom experiences at the hospital seems to me to be an exercise in futility. Even if it were possible (and it's not) to clone their regular classroom and transplant it at the hospital, in the context of these children's lives, this would still be developmentally inappropriate. I guess what I'm really trying to say is this: You don't go to the hospital to get caught up on your homework.

If staying caught up with academics was the primary problem plaguing these children, they wouldn't need to be admitted to the hospital.

All this has led me to significantly rethink the purpose of the school portion of this program. Here is a description I wrote up as a part of the pre-admission package to introduce parents to the purpose of the school portion of this program:
Patients attend school on the unit with a teacher as a part of their assessment. During school, patients will engage in a balance between continuing their regular academics and activities that will help them to effectively change and improve their thinking, feelings and behavior. While patients may spend time working on traditional academics, a priority will be placed on providing support and resources to help them make positive changes and/or informed choices in their lives.
I am posting this here as a first draft so that I can get feedback from you. What do you think about all this? Based on the context of my teaching assignment, am I right to refocus this school's purpose to see academics play a secondary role to the well-being of the students? Am I missing something?

I'm looking forward to your feedback via comments.